攻克与冲刺 ■朱以撒

墨樵

攻克与冲刺 ■朱以撒  
　　翻翻报纸，可以看到“攻克广州”的文章，还有各种各样的书法“冲刺班”，都是冲着全国书展这一目的的。有多少人在征稿启事出来后到截稿前，这么长的时间内就做着这么一件事，誓必“攻克广州”。
# K; v# a/ C3 A- b5 J  g8 G　　为参加一些展览而躁动不安。每一年都有大展，各色各样没有消停过。时间和精力都耗在里边，一心牵挂，为入展、获奖而奋斗，今年“攻克广州”，明年可能就要“攻克福州”了。
　　书法的学习本来是东方闲情的一种。学习书法是为了怡情、养心，陶冶性灵，变化气质，是缓进的、渐变的，而不是要把一个学习者变成追逐时尚的先锋。大展大赛一个接一个地推出，书协如果不利用这块招牌来办展，似乎就有负书协的义务一样，却没有想到还可以从其他许多方面来提高书法作者的素养。把书法作者、尤其是年轻作者培养成符合大展的竞技者，是这个时代最鲜明的特色。除了大展，余下都不重要，都欠缺，都停不下来补充，因为大展没有止息，以此为大也就停不下来。攻克，这个字眼让人感到有问题，攻其一点，不及其余，攻而无止无休，一个人就永远沿着这条狭隘之道而行，除非有一天不想参与了，才会去做一些全面的补缺补漏。
　　在大展面前，每个人志在必得，这也就没有宽松可言了。掏钱去读冲刺班，把自己磨炼成一把刺刀。由那些已有冲刺经验的人传达冲刺本领，说穿了就是传授一种冲刺模式、冲刺套路，课程不长，数日便可速成。这种快餐式的灌输，就是为了短期得到收获，是完全为这一次大展而量身定做的。到了下一次大展，又会稍作修正，形成相应的一套行之有效的冲刺教学法。大展不息，冲刺不止，书法生活，似乎就为此而展开。
　　为了加入书法协会，就必须按协会规矩来行事，不应展冲刺就进不来，除非真是超脱了，真把书法当作怡悦身心的形式，不参加书协也罢。这类型当然极少，更多的人还是讲究实际，加入了攻克大展的行列。为什么学习书法就要让自己加入各级的书法协会呢？因为人是生活在世俗之中的，无法摒弃名利，它是现实生活的需要。一个中国书协会员当然比省级书协会员强，世俗生活的判断就是如此。那么要争当中国书协会员就必须按规矩而行，否则，艺术创作能力再强，没有几次攻克的记录，真的免谈。这样，每一次大展征稿启事一出，纷纷摩拳擦掌，如同要打一场大仗。至于长久的学习计划，根本无暇考虑，只一味跟着大展走。现在真能从长久思考、充实的人，身心都是松弛下来的了，自己有学习规划，自己的想法，对大展视而不见，他们的创作会更有快乐。
  b* A% O2 n; E7 d1 O- q4 D5 ^　　除了举办大展显示出积极性之外，其他活动似乎也引不起兴趣。读书年冷冷清清，圈外的人能不能通过读书来入会？肯定很难。读书是靠自觉的，如同参展那般积极就好了，却因为不能成为入会条件，人们还是乐于冲刺的实在。如果像古代那样没有书法组织，没有大展，我们的书法生活会正常得多，平静得多。书法爱好者静下来，真正从书法学习中得到一些本真的乐趣，不再为了某一些活动打乱自己的学习计划，更不可能随时流而走。明人艾南英说：“是故有得于道，则本之中者有余，然后知明而理足。知明而理足，然后能自守，然后能极其心之所明，而发诸外者无穷而光且大。”
: y6 P+ e, D- @1 c6 ]/ t' K- M* q2 F　　不能自守，则其他免谈。
, P5 {( E: q, D; `　　从古人的书法生活来看，只是文化生活的一部分。书法不是单一的，是被滋养的，以文、史养书，这是最起码。现在我们所看到的书法生活，就是为大展大赛的生活，已经狭隘到了极点。为了入展，纸张怎么染，字要怎么摆，哪一笔必定要作派，诸如此类不胜枚举。不是把人引导向开阔地带而是狭路。看起来轰轰烈烈，实际上越发走向狭小。和古人所说的书法艺术功能、作用完全不同。
% d  |  _4 P) x# h8 n# X6 s' T　　备战不如备荒。荒并不可怕，怕的是不正视、不补救，被冲刺、攻克所掩盖，再也坐不下来，静不下来。现在我们看到的一些所谓书法家的履历，全都是攻克大展的记录。个人的书法史，就是一部攻克史。

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[whitepad]***700;400;700,400;;** m44,68 l44,70,42,71,42,83,43,84,43,87,45,92,47,96,47,101,48,106,50,112,53,120,55,127,57,131,59,137,60,144,64,147,66,150,68,156,70,159,71,163 73,166,75,170,76,175,80,180,82,184,89,191,91,191,91,192,89,192,88,191,88,188,91,186,94,179 e|********* m93,82 l93,96,91,99,91,140,87,150,86,154,82,159,81,162,80,166,80,176,79,176,78,178,77,178,77,177,73,177,72,176,69,176,68,177,68,179,67,180,62,180 61,179,60,179,59,178,58,178,55,179,47,179,48,180,50,180 e|********* m35,146 l52,146,60,142,68,142,72,141,75,139,95,135,102,135,101,134 e|********* m104,109 l106,109,108,107,109,105,111,104,113,102,115,101,117,101,120,98,121,96,123,95,125,93,128,93,129,92,135,92,136,94,137,97,138,103,138,119,134,124,133,128 132,130,130,136,130,141,134,148,136,170,137,173,139,175,140,177,141,178,141,177,142,177,142,178,136,178,136,177,135,177,133,176,128,176,128,175,127,174,125,173 116,170,115,169,114,169,112,167,112,165,113,164,115,161,118,158,120,155,123,153,125,151,129,149,133,146,141,144,148,142,152,141,166,137,162,137 e|********* m201,82 l205,83,206,83,206,90,210,91,210,100,209,102,209,105,205,105,204,109,202,111,200,115,198,117,197,119,195,122,194,124,192,125,191,127,191,129,190,129,190,128 195,127,199,127,203,125,208,124,231,124,232,123,232,122 e|********* m211,123 l212,123,212,124,213,125,213,163,211,164,207,168,205,168,204,169,202,170,196,170,193,171,191,172,187,172,187,173,186,173,183,172,168,166,167,165,167,164,166,164 e|********* m194,145 l194,150,195,152,196,155,199,158,201,158,203,162,205,164,207,167,213,170,214,170,223,175,224,175,226,177 e|********* m283,93 l283,92,313,92 e|********* m285,106 l293,104,295,103,307,103,309,104,310,104,310,103 e|********* m279,129 l286,128,292,125,297,125,300,123,302,122,303,122,303,121 e|********* m295,94 l299,96,303,114,303,158,298,175,296,179,296,182,295,183,295,185,293,185,293,184,292,184,291,183 e|********* m320,94 l326,93,335,93,335,94 e|********* m317,119 l329,113 e|********* m308,137 l318,133,320,133,323,131,330,129,334,128,336,127,338,127 e|********* m316,152 l313,149,312,149,312,148,311,148,310,147,310,145,313,144,318,143,324,142,347,142,347,141 e|********* m326,102 l326,105,327,106,327,108,328,111,328,115,330,118,332,124,341,150,341,164,345,169,345,183,343,188,343,200,342,200,342,203,340,203 e|********* m376,85 l379,85,379,86,380,86,381,89,382,89,383,91,384,92,384,97 e|********* m356,119 l361,118,365,116,378,116,378,117,379,118,379,138,377,142,377,151,384,151,388,149,390,149,392,146,393,146,395,143,395,131,390,130,386,128,384,128,384,126 e|********* m398,115 l402,113,406,110,406,109,411,109,411,105,412,105,412,103,413,103,414,101,414,100,415,99,416,99,416,94 e|********* m409,77 l408,82,408,103,413,115,413,122 e|********* m396,124 l398,124,398,127,397,127,397,126,396,126,396,124,399,122,405,116,406,116,407,114,412,114,415,113,420,113,420,115,425,115,427,117,429,117,429,118,431,118,431,120 434,120,435,121,439,129,439,140,441,142,441,156,436,156 e|********* m411,142 l414,146,421,151,423,152,426,152,426,153,416,153 e|********* m402,159 l411,161,414,162,426,162,426,161,424,161,421,162 e|********* m390,171 l392,172,398,172,400,171,409,171,412,169,414,168,416,168,417,167,419,167,422,165,427,165,433,162,435,162,436,161,441,161,441,160,440,159 e|********* m420,127 l420,128,421,128,422,129,422,133,420,136,420,170,417,180,417,184,414,189,414,190,413,191,412,193,411,194,410,194,408,196,399,196 e|********* m430,184 l433,184,436,186,437,187,438,187,439,188,439,191,441,192,441,194,442,195,443,195 e[/whitepad]face18

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[whitepad]***700;400;700,400;#c3f;** m508,39 l508,38,509,38,509,37,546,37,553,39,559,39,563,41,566,42,570,43,571,43,572,44,572,60,571,62,570,66,570,68,568,74,567,76,566,79,566,81,565,82 564,84,564,86,562,88,560,92,558,98,555,99,554,101,552,104,550,105,549,107,546,108,544,110,542,111,540,113,537,115,535,116,533,119,529,120,527,121,524,123 522,123,519,125,516,126,514,127,493,127,493,110,494,110,494,108,495,107,495,106,496,105,496,104,497,104,497,103,498,102,498,101,500,99,501,99,502,98,503,98 504,97,510,97,510,115,509,116,509,118,508,120,508,121,505,127,505,130,504,134,503,136,503,138,502,139,501,142,501,144,499,148,498,151,498,156,496,160,495,163 495,165,494,167,493,170,492,172,492,177,491,179,491,181,489,183,489,185,488,186,488,189,487,189,487,191,489,191,491,190,496,188,499,188,502,187,507,186,510,185 514,183,517,183,519,182,520,182,521,181,534,181,535,182,540,182,542,183,545,184,552,184,555,185,557,186,558,186,564,189,565,190,567,191,569,193,571,194,572,196 573,197,575,201,577,203,577,205,582,215,582,217,583,219,583,222,584,224,584,247,583,248,583,249,582,250,582,253,581,254,581,255,580,257,580,258,578,260,578,262 577,262,576,264,573,267,573,268,568,273,567,275,565,275,564,276,560,278,559,278,558,279,556,280,550,280,550,281,549,281,546,282,545,283,544,283,541,284,538,284 534,286,502,286,503,285,503,283,502,284,501,284,501,285,500,286,500,295 e|********* m328,43 l328,52,327,53,326,55,325,56,325,58,324,60,323,61,322,63,320,66,317,69,317,71,315,72,315,73,314,74,314,75,313,76,313,77,386,77,385,78,381,80 375,82,371,83,366,85,361,86,355,88,351,88,346,89,335,89,335,90,334,90,334,91,333,93,331,94,331,95,330,95,330,121,329,126,325,138,324,143,322,150 318,162,317,168,315,176,315,180,314,181,314,182,315,181,319,178,323,170,324,167,328,161,329,157,333,151,334,147,335,145,337,142,338,139,340,137,341,133,342,130 344,128,347,122,349,121,349,119,351,118,352,117,354,116,354,115,355,115,357,113,358,113,360,111,360,109,357,118,355,123,352,135,352,141,348,155,344,165,343,171 342,175,340,181,340,188,339,190,339,193,337,197,337,191,336,189,336,186,335,184,334,181,333,176,333,164,334,163,334,162,335,161,335,158,336,157,336,156,337,156 340,153,341,153,341,152,342,151,343,151,343,150,344,150,344,147,345,147,345,146,346,146,346,144,347,144,347,156,346,158,345,161,342,167,340,170,338,176,336,178 334,182,333,185,330,188,330,189,329,190,329,191,327,191,326,194,325,195,324,197,323,197,322,198,320,199,319,201,320,201,320,200,322,200,324,199,393,199,399,200 401,201,405,202,407,202,408,203,410,204,413,207,414,207,416,209,417,211,419,213,419,215,421,216,421,219,422,221,423,222,424,225,424,232,426,236,426,240,427,242 427,244,428,246,428,254,427,255,425,259,424,260,423,262,422,262,422,263,420,264,417,265,415,267,413,268,412,270,408,271,406,272,404,274,401,275,400,275,397,276 394,278,392,278,389,280,387,281,384,282,383,283,382,283,380,284,351,284,348,283,346,282,344,282,341,281,340,280,339,280,335,276,334,276,333,274,332,273,330,272 327,269,321,266,320,265,319,263,318,262,317,262,317,259,316,259,316,255,313,252,313,251,312,251,312,250,310,250,310,249,301,249,299,248,293,248,293,250,292,250 292,254,293,254,294,255,317,255,320,254,321,254,323,253,324,252,326,252,327,251,329,250,332,249,334,249,338,247,343,246,355,242,382,242,382,244,381,244,381,245 380,245,379,246,377,246,377,247,374,247,373,248,357,248,356,247,351,245,347,242,329,235,317,233 e|********* m100,43 l106,43,110,45,113,45,117,46,123,46,125,48,127,48,128,49,130,49,131,50,139,50,143,52,146,52,146,53,144,54,143,55,140,56,134,59,130,59,123,61 117,62,109,63,95,67,89,69,85,70,82,71,81,72,79,72,79,73,78,73,78,75,77,75,77,76,76,76,76,77,75,78,73,78,73,80,77,80,83,81 142,81,144,80,171,80,171,79,172,79,172,78,171,77,137,77,137,78,127,78,126,79,124,79,122,81,120,82,120,83,117,85,116,85,115,87,112,90,111,92 110,93,108,96,107,98,104,101,102,105,101,106,100,108,99,109,98,111,98,113,97,114,97,115,95,117,95,118,93,122,92,125,92,127,90,129,89,131,88,134 86,137,85,140,83,142,82,144,81,147,80,148,80,150,79,151,78,153,78,154,76,158,76,160,74,161,74,163,71,166,70,170,68,172,67,174,67,175,65,178 65,179,64,180,63,183,63,184,62,185,60,189,60,190,58,194,58,195,56,196,55,199,55,201,52,204,51,207,51,208,49,209,48,211,48,213,47,214,46,216 46,217,45,218,44,220,44,221,43,223,43,224,41,225,39,227,38,229,34,233,33,233,32,234,30,234,28,235,27,235,26,236,24,237,23,237,21,238,20,239 19,239,17,240,17,241,11,241,10,242,8,242,7,243,5,243,3,244,0,244 e|********* m38,152 l38,151,39,150,42,148,45,148,49,146,54,145,56,144,62,142,65,142,70,141,71,140,75,139,210,139,210,135,206,131,203,130,197,127,193,127,187,125,180,124 e|********* m121,115 l121,164,122,164,128,158,132,156,134,153,138,151,140,149,141,147,144,145,145,143,147,142,153,134,154,132,157,130,162,125,163,125,163,124,164,124,164,112,163,113 162,115,162,117,161,118,160,123,159,125,158,129,157,132,156,134,156,137,154,142,154,143,152,149,152,151,151,152,151,154,150,155,150,156,149,158,149,159,148,160 148,161,147,163,147,164,146,166,146,168,145,169,145,170,144,171,144,172,143,173,143,175,142,175,142,176,141,178,140,179,139,181,139,185,138,185,138,187,139,187 142,188,152,191,158,192,162,193,168,195,175,197,181,198,184,199,189,201,190,203,192,203,192,207,189,210,189,211,187,214,184,217,184,218,182,220,180,221,178,223 176,224,174,226,172,229,169,232,166,234,164,236,160,238,158,240,155,240,152,241,150,242,81,242,80,241,79,241,79,239,78,239,77,238,77,237,75,236,75,234 74,233,74,229,78,225,80,225,80,224,81,224,81,223,84,223,85,222,86,222,87,221,89,221,90,220,92,220,92,219,107,219,109,220,111,220,112,221,113,221 114,222,115,222,115,223,117,223,120,226,121,226,123,228,124,228,125,229,126,229,127,230,129,231,131,233,133,234,135,234,136,235,138,236,139,236,140,237,142,238 145,241,147,241,148,243,150,243,151,244,155,244,157,246,159,246,162,247,163,248,165,249,166,249,168,251,170,251,171,252,175,254,176,255,178,256,179,256,181,257 182,258,183,258,185,260,186,260,187,261,189,262,190,263,191,263,192,264,194,265,196,265,200,267,201,268,203,268,203,269,205,269,207,270,208,270,209,271,212,272 213,273,217,275,218,275,219,276,226,276,227,277,228,277,229,278,232,278,232,279 e[/whitepad]